Lectionary Ruminations for Sunday, June 3, 2012, Trinity Sunday (Year B)

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore.

FirstReading - Isaiah 6:1-8

v. 1 In what year did King Uzziah die and why does it matter?

v. 2 What are seraphs? 

v. 3 Does the threefold “Holy” justify this passage being used on Trinity Sunday? What are “hosts”?

v. 4 What are pivots and thresholds?  What sort of smoke filled the house and why?

v. 5 Why does Isaiah express woe?

v. 6 How can a figurative/symbolic  live coal blot out sin?

v. 8 “us”?

Psalm-Psalm 29:1-11

v. 1 Who and what are the heavenly beings?  Are there more types of heavenly beings than angels and/or seraphs?

v. 2 What is holy splendor?

v. 6 What, or where, is Sirion?

v. 8 Where is Kadesh? Is there anything special or significant about its wilderness?

vs. 3-10  So much for “still small voice” imagery.  How does an establishment church of the middle class status quo come to terms with a storm God?

v. 11 God’s people will certainly need strength to survive a storm.  When was the last time a storm brought  peace?  Or is this peace the peace of a calm after a storm?

SecondReading Romans 8:12-17

v. 12 If we are not debtors to the flesh, what then are we debtors to?  I doubt Paul had MasterCard or Visa in mind.

v. 14 How are we led by the Spirit of God?

v. 15 Theologically speaking, why does Paul contrast a spirit of slavery with a spirit of adoption?  When do you last cry “Abba! Father!”?

v. 16  How many spirits are being mentioned in this passage?

Gospel- John 3:1-17

v. 1 Were not all Pharisees leaders?

v. 2 Consider John 4:6-7 as juxtaposition.  We?  For whom, or of whom, is Nic speaking?  What signs?

vs. 3 & 5 Is being born from above the same as being born of water and Spirit?

v. 8 I think Jesus was not referring to direction.  So we do not know where people born of the Spirit come from or are going to?

v. 10 I think professional Church types are all a little like Nic at time.  We really do not fully understand of what we speak, teach and preach.

v. 11 We?  Our? For whom, or of whom, is Jesus speaking?

v. 12 Of what earthly things did Jesus talk about that Nic did not believe?

v. 13 Ascension day has passed, but in the context of this passage, it has not yet happened. Is this an anachronism – a post Ascension theology being read back into a pre Ascension event – the Evangelist putting words into the mouth of Jesus? Or is this an example of Jesus being prescient?

v. 14 I suggest you read and ponder Numbers 21:4-9.  Perhaps that would have been a better First Reading to pair with this Gospel than the passage from Isaiah.

vs. 16-17 Maybe too much has already been read and said about this passage. Then again, maybe not enough has been preached about this passage in its literary context.

ADDENDUM

Some may choose to teach or preach about the doctrine and mystery of the Trinity, which we probably ought to do every once in a while. But is preaching and/or teaching about the mystery and doctrine of the Trinity every year too often?  If you ARE preaching or teaching about the trinity and are not familiar with the Eastern Orthodox concept of perichoresis, please do some research.  I was out of seminary and ordained several years before being exposed to this mystical Eastern Orthodox understanding of the Trinity.

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links.

Lectionary Ruminations for Sunday, May 27, 2012, the Day of Pentecost (Year B)

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore. 

First Reading - Acts 2:1-21

v. 1 How did early Christians know the day of Pentecost had arrived when they had not yet been filled with the Holy Spirit? Who are “they” and what does it mean (existentially and theologically) that “they  were all together in one place”?

v. 2 Why were they sitting in a house?

v. 3 What is a divided tongue?

v. 4 Do you think some of them spoke in other languages better than others?

v. 5 What is the difference between a devout Jew and a Jew?

v. 6 When was the last time you were bewildered?

v. 7 When was the last time worship where you usually attend left you or anyone else amazed and astonished?

v. 10 What is the difference between a Jew and a proselyte?

v. 11 What are God’s deeds of power?

v. 12When was the last time your sermon or Bible study amazed and perplexed anyone? I would settle for people simply asking “What does this mean?”.

v. 13 What is the difference between new wine and old wine? Can not both intoxicate?

v. 14 Why Peter?

vs. 17-21 Do  you think Peter really said this, or are some words being putin to his mouth at a later time?

v. 17 If God poured out the Spirit on all flesh, sons as well as daughters, (both male and female slaves inverse 18), then why does Peter address only “men” in verse 14?

Psalm - Psalm 104:24-34, 35b

v. 24 What works?

v. 26 All the ships are in NYC this week for Fleet Week and OpSail 2012.  Is this Hobbes’ Leviathan?

v. 29 What does it mean for God to hide the divine face?

v. 30 Does this verse alone justify pairing this Psalm with the Acts passage and to read on Pentecost Sunday?

v. 32 Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions! Is it bad science, and bad theology, to associate natural geologic phenomena with God?

Second Reading - Romans 8:22-27

v. 22 Who is “we”?  Read this verse in light of Psalm 104:32. Does this verse legitimize Christians speaking of “mother earth”?

v. 23 What does it mean to groan inwardly?

v. 24-25 Is Paul making the distinction between hope and truth? Faith and fact?

v. 26 Why do we not know how to pray as we ought?  Can prayer be taught?  Is there any comparison between “sighs too deep for words” and glossolalia?

v. 27 Does this verse suggest that the Spirit resides in individuals in the heart (rather than the mind)?

Gospel - John 15:26-27, 16:4b-15

v. 26 Is the Fourth Gospel the only New Testament writing to refer to the Spirit as the Advocate.  How do you reconcile this verse with the filioque clause of the Nicene Creed?

v. 7 Why can the Advocate not come to believers until after Jesus leaves them?

v. 11 Who is “the ruler of this world”?

v. 12 What else do you think Jesus wanted to say that he did not say?

v. 13 Where does the Spirit of Truth hear what he (or she?) speaks?

ADDENDUM

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links.

Lectionary Ruminations for Sunday, May 20, 2012, the Seventh Sunday of Easter (Year B)

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore. 

FirstReading - Acts 1:15-17, 21-26

v. 15 What and when were “those days”?  When did “those days” begin and when did they end?  Is there anything significant about the number 120?

v. 16 What is the scripture (note that it is singular) to which Peter refers? I find this to be an interesting collection: Friends, the Holy Spirit, David, Judas, those who arrested Jesus.

v. 17 Do I detect regret combined with disbelief?

vs. 21-22 Why must this be so? Is the author referring to John’s baptism of Jesus, or John’s ministry of baptism, which began before John baptized Jesus?  What does it mean to be a “witness to the resurrection”?  Could not a woman have fulfilled this role?

v. 23 Were Joseph and Matthias the only two people who fulfilled the criteria of vs. 21-22?

vs. 24-25 How might God answer this prayer?

v. 26 How does one cast lots and why do we not make decisions in the church this way today?

Psalm- Psalm 1:1-6

v. 1 Are the wicked, sinners, and scoffers poetic synonyms?

v. 2 When was the last time you took delight in any law?  How do Christians not familiar with meditation 

understand this passage?

v. 3 Is there a Torah riparian zone?  Does this passage make any more sense in light of last Sunday’s Gospel reading?

v. 4 What is chaff and why is it exposed to the wind?

v. 6 How does this verse influence, and how is it influenced by, our belief that Jesus is the way?

SecondReading - 1 John 5:9-13

v. 9 Who are “we”? How does God give testimony if not through humans?

vs. 10-11 What testimony?  What testimony?

vs. 12-13 Is life the same as eternal life?

GospelJohn 17:6-19

v. 6 How do Christians reconcile Jesus saying this with Jewish conception of the unpronounceable name of God?

v. 7 How do “they” know this?

v.8 What words?

v. 10 How has Jesus been glorified in those given to him by God?

v. 11 At the time Jesus prayed this prayer, what did he mean when he prayed “I am no longer in the world”?

v. 12 Why the past tense?  What scripture?

v. 15 Who is the evil one?

v. 17 Sanctify them in the word?

v. 19 Theologically, how does Jesus sanctify  himself?

ADDENDUM

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links.

Lectionary Ruminations for Sunday, May 13, 2012, the Sixth Sunday of Easter (Year B)

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore. 

FirstReading - Acts 10:44-48

v. 44 How does the Holy Spirit fall?  Does hearing refer to physical or spiritual phenomena, or both?

v. 45 When was the last time someone in your worshiping community was astounded?  What is the gift of the Holy Spirit and how is it poured out?

v. 45 What was more astounding, the people speaking in tongues, or the people extolling God?

v. 46 Is this a rhetorical question?

v. 48 How do we reconcile baptism in the name of Jesus Christ with Trinitarian baptismal formula?

Psalm- Psalm 98:1-9

v. 1 What is a new song?  Are old songs not good enough?  How can we talk about God’s right hand and holy arm without over anthropomorphizing God?  Is this a right hand conspiracy?

v. 2 How has the LORD revealed vindication?

v. 3 I think this is hyperbole, or wishful thinking, on the Psalmist’s part.

v. 4 What sort of noise is joyful?  Does “all the earth” refer only to human beings or to all living creatures? Could “all the earth” also refer to waterfalls, wind, the sound of waves against the beach,

etc?

vs. 5-6 What?  No organ?  No piano?

v. 7 I think my question raised by the fourth verse was just answered.

v. 8 I have heard floods literally clap, but I have never heard hill literally, only metaphorically, sing.

v. 9 Will God judge all the earth, or only human beings?

SecondReading 1 John 5:1-6

v. 1 Is it also true that every one born of God believes that Jesus is the Christ?  Id being “born of God” the same as being born anew, or born from above?

vs. 1-2 Note the transition from the singular “child” to the plural “children”.  To what commandments is the author referring?

v. 4 What is the meaning of “conquer”?  What is the meaning of “faith”?

v. 5 Is there a difference between believing and  saying that “Jesus is the Son of God”?

v. 6 To what is the author referring when writing about “water and the blood”?  How does the “Spirit” testify?  What does the author mean “the Spirit is the truth”?

GospelJohn 15:9-17

v.9 Who is speaking?  How does one abide in anyone’s love?

v. 10 Whose commandments?  What are these commandments?  If we keep the Son’s commandments, can we then ignore the Father’s commandments?

v.11 Is your complete?

v. 12 Is this the answer to my question raised in relation to verse 10?

v. 13 What does it mean to lay down one’s life?

v. 14 So this friendship is conditional?

v. 16 This is sounding very Reformed!  The Father will give us whatever we ask only if we bear everlasting fruit?

v. 17 I heard only one command in verse 12, so why the plural?

ADDENDUM

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links. 

Physics and Philosophy

When we enter into conversation about science and religion, it is important for us to be able to recognize when we move from discussion about the results of science to the philosophical/theological interpretation and reflection on the implication of those results. We all make that move, from results to implication and interpretation. In a sense, we can't help it. Part of being a thinking human is asking, "what does this mean?". Most of us would agree we need to make that move. But, sometimes it can be difficult to spot when we make the transition, it can take some practice. 

This week, NPR published this interesting blog post on physics and philosophy as well as this related post . If you follow the links within that blog post to the New York Times book review, the response to the review in The Atlantic, and the "apology" in Scientific American, you will find an interesting example of scientific and philosophical interpretation. Lawrence Krauss gives us an example of a scientist who believes that physics will explain all. He is quite dismissive of all theologians and most philosophers. That's fine, he certainly can have his opinion about theology and philosophy. What is fascinating is how, in The Atlantic interview and the Scientific American  essay, Krauss slides back and forth between science and philosophy while denying the validity and importance of philosophy ( unless the philosopher agrees with Krauss and then that sort of philosophy is fine.) 

I've given you quite a bit to read this week, so I'll limit my remarks and ask, what do you think about all this? 

Cross posted at Conversation in Faith.

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore. 

First Reading - Acts8:26-40

v. 26 How do YOU deal with angels?  Why Philip? So what that this is a wilderness road?

vs. 27-28 There is a lot in this verse to unpack.  Why are we told so much about this man?

v. 29 Has the angel become the spirit?

vs. 30-31Why read anybody read anything on their own if they need a guide to help them understand it?

vs. 32b-33 Where is this found in Isaiah?

v. 36 Was there a reason or not?

v. 37 This sure sounds like confessional language.

v. 39 Why would the Spirit snatch Philip away?

v. 40 What do you know about Azatos?

Psalm - Psalm 22:25-31

v. 25 Who, or what, is the great congregation?  What vows?

v. 27 How many ends does the earth have? How many  families of the nations are there?

v. 31 Done what?

Second Reading - 1 John4:7-21

v. 8 What does it mean to say that God is love?

v. 9 How can a sacrifice atone?

v. 12 What does not seeing God add to the argument?

v. 13 Is it logical to shift from so abruptly from loving to abiding?  From the Son to the Spirit?

v. 16b I think this is not only good poetry but good theology.

v. 17b “as he is, so are we”?

v. 18 I like this verse.  What does this verse say to hell, fire and damnation sermons?

v. 20 How does this verse inform Christian ethics?

v. 21 How does this relate to the new Commandment of John’s Gospel?

Gospel John 15:1-8

v. 1 Is there a difference between the vine and the true vine?

v. 2 Even fruit producing vines are occasionally cut back.

v. 3 is cleansing the same as pruning?

v. 4 How do we abide?

v. 6 I think it is wrong to, in any way, connect this verse to any concept of hell or fires of hell. 

v. 7 Anything? ANYTHING? Really?

ADDENDUM

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links.

Lectionary Ruminations for Sunday, April 29, 2012, the Fourth Sunday of Easter (Year B)

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore.

First Reading - Acts 4:5-12

v. 5 What happened the day before?  Who are “they” of the “their”?

v. 6 Annas and Caiaphas I am familiar with.  Who are John and Alexander?

v. 7 What prisoners?  Did what?

vs. 8-10 Peter’s response might have been better received if he had not accused his interlocutors of crucifying Jesus.

v. 11 What is Peter quoting, or quoting from?

v. 12 This sounds like confessional language.

Psalm - Psalm 23:1-6

vs. 1-6 Is this Psalm too familiar for us to hear it anew?

v. 1 Note that in the NRSV, LORD is all uppercase.  So what?

v. 2 Have you ever lied down in a green pasture?

v. 4 What is the darkest valley you have ever walked through?  Are a rod and a staff two different things or is this an example of Hebraic poetic repetition?

v. 5 Have you ever eaten a meal in the presence of your enemies?  Has your head ever been anointed with oil?

v. 6 What and where is the house of the LORD?

Second Reading - 1 John3:16-24

v. 16 Who is “he”?  What  does it mean to lay down one’s life?

v. 17 Ouch!  Here is a verse for the 99% of Occupy Wall Street.

v. 18 Why the moniker “little childen”?

v. 19 Considering verse 16, it is beginning to sound like “truth” is being personified.

vs. 20-21 It sounds like one’s heart is the same as one inner voice or conscience.

vs.23-24 Where have I heard something like this before?

Gospel - John 10:11-18

v. 11 And which Psalm are you know thinking of?

v. 12 Who is the hired hand?

v. 16 I love this verse and its invitation to think about Christian universalism.  What does it mean for there to be many folds in one flock?

v. 17 Does the Father NEED a reason to love the Son?

v. 18 What command?

ADDENDUM

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links.

Lectionary Ruminations for Sunday, April 22, 2012, the Third Sunday of Easter (Year B)

Posted each Thursday, Lectionary Ruminations focuses on the Scripture Readings, taken from the New Revised Standard Version, for the following Sunday per the Revised Common Lectionary. Comments and questions are intended to encourage reflection for readers preparing to teach, preach, or hear the Word. Reader comments are invited and encouraged. All lectionary links are to the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Bible via the PC(USA) Devotions and Readings website, but if you prefer another translation, feel free to use that instead. (Other references may be linked to the NRSV via the oremus Bible Browser.)  Lectionary Ruminations is also cross-posted on my personal blog, Summit to Shore. 

First Reading - Acts3:12-19

v. 12 When Peter saw what?

v. 13 What about Sarah, Rebecca, Leah, Rachel, Zilpa and Bilha?

v. 15 Is this the only occurrence of “Author of life”?  What was witnessed, the killing or the raising?

v.16 Whose faith?  What is faith in a name?

Psalm - Psalm 4:1-8

v. 1 God of my ight?   What about God of my left?  What does the Psalmist mean by “You gave me room”?

v. 2 Are vain words the same as lies?

v. 4 Sin only when you are not disturbed?  Ponder what?

v. 7 Who are the they of “their”?

vs. 1-8 Why was this Psalm paired with the First Reading?  What is their theological or thematic unity?

Second Reading - 1 John 3:1-7

v. 1 It is one thing to be called a child of God. It is another thing altogether actually to be one.

vs. 2-3 Whom will be revealed?  God?  Christ? Jesus?   Was God not already revealed in Jesus Christ?  Does John have a another, a second, revelation in mind?

v. 4 I though sin is separation from God.  John’s definition of sin seems more instrumental and less existential than I am comfortable with.

v. 7 What is the difference between being a child and a little child?  Does this verse, especially in light of verse 4, lead to a theology of works righteousness?

Gospel - Luke 24:36b-48

v. 36 Where was Jesus standing and among whom was he standing?  What is the meaning of “peace be with you” and does it mean anything more than usual when spoken by the resurrected Jesus?

v. 37 What is the difference between being “startled” and being ”terrified”?

v. 38 What doubts was Jesus referring to?

v.39 The resurrected Jesus may have had flesh and bones, but resurrected flesh and bones, and therefore something inherently different than our pre-resurrected flesh and bones.

v. 41 Do ghosts eat?

v. 45 How does Jesus open OUR minds to understand the scriptures?

v. 46 Where is it thusly written?

v. 48 Witnesses of what things?

ADDENDUM

In addition to serving as the half time Pastor of North Church Queens and writing Lectionary Ruminations, I also tutor part time.  If you or someone you know needs a tutor, or if you would like to be a tutor, check out my WyzAnt page and follow the appropriate links.

Americans' Views on Evolution and Trust in Science

Have you seen this? (from Biologos) 

And then there is this from the American Sociological Association:

Study: Conservatives’ Trust in Science Has Fallen Dramatically Since Mid-1970s

Trust in Science Has Also Declined Among People Who Frequently Attend Church  

WASHINGTON, DC, March 29, 2012 — While trust in science remained stable among people who self-identified as moderates and liberals in the United States between 1974 and 2010, trust in science fell among self-identified conservatives by more than 25 percent during the same period, according to new research from Gordon Gauchat, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill’s Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research.

“You can see this distrust in science among conservatives reflected in the current Republican primary campaign,” said Gauchat, whose study appears in the April issue of the American Sociological Review. “When people want to define themselves as conservatives relative to moderates and liberals, you often hear them raising questions about the validity of global warming and evolution and talking about how ‘intellectual elites’ and scientists don’t necessarily have the whole truth.”

Relying on data from the 1974-2010 waves of the nationally representative General Social Survey, the study found that people who self-identified as conservatives began the period with the highest trust in science, relative to self-identified moderates and liberals, and ended the period with the lowest.

In addition to examining how the relationship between political ideology and trust in science changed over almost 40 years, Gauchat also explored how other social and demographic characteristics—including frequency of church attendance—related to trust in science over that same period. Gauchat found that, while trust in science declined between 1974 and 2010 among those who frequently attended church, there was no statistically significant group-specific change in trust in science over that period among any of the other social or demographic factors he examined, including gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

“This study shows that the public trust in science has not declined since the mid-1970s except among self-identified conservatives and among those who frequently attend church,” Gauchat said. “It also provides evidence that, in the United States, there is a tension between religion and science in some contexts. This tension is evident in public controversies such as that over the teaching of evolution.”

As for why self-identified conservatives were much less likely to trust science in 2010 than they were in the mid-1970s, Gauchat offered several possibilities. One is the conservative movement itself.

“Over the last several decades, there’s been an effort among those who define themselves as conservatives to clearly identify what it means to be a conservative,” Gauchat said. “For whatever reason, this appears to involve opposing science and universities and what is perceived as the ‘liberal culture.’ So, self-identified conservatives seem to lump these groups together and rally around the notion that what makes ‘us’ conservatives is that we don’t agree with ‘them.’”

Another possibility, according to Gauchat, is the changing role of science in the United States. “In the past, the scientific community was viewed as concerned primarily with macro structural matters such as winning the space race,” Gauchat said. “Today, conservatives perceive the scientific community as more focused on regulatory matters such as stopping industry from producing too much carbon dioxide. Conservatives often oppose government regulation, and they increasingly perceive science as on the side of regulation, especially as scientific evidence is used more frequently in the work of government agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency and in public debates over issues such as climate change.”

The study also found that the declining trust in science among conservatives was not attributable to changes among less educated conservatives, but rather to rising distrust among better educated conservatives. “It is a significant finding and the opposite of what many might expect,” Gauchat said.

As for the study’s implications, Gauchat said it raises important questions about the future role of science in public policy. “In a political climate in which all sides do not share a basic trust in science, scientific evidence no longer is viewed as a politically neutral factor in judging whether a public policy is good or bad,” said Gauchat, who is also concerned that the increasingly politicized view of science could turn people away from careers in the field. “I think this would be very detrimental to an advanced economy where you need people with science and engineering backgrounds.”

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About the American Sociological Association and the American Sociological Review
The American Sociological Association (www.asanet.org), founded in 1905, is a non-profit membership association dedicated to serving sociologists in their work, advancing sociology as a science and profession, and promoting the contributions to and use of sociology by society. The American Sociological Review is the ASA’s flagship journal.

The research article described above is available by request for members of the media. For a copy of the full study, contact Daniel Fowler, ASA’s Media Relations and Public Affairs Officer, at (202) 527-7885 or pubinfo@asanet.org.

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